Topics Prescription Search:  
Introduction : This option is used to prescribe drugs to patient. The prescription can be directly sent to the Pharmacy. It is possible to have the drugs prescribed in an encounter to be automatically copied to the next Encounter, thus saving the Provider's effort to re-enter the drugs again in the current Prescription. This is depedent on the property, rx.autocopy.lastenc.drugs i.e if the property is turned ON then the prescription of the last encounter is copied to the prescription of the current encounter else it is not copied. Except Diagnosis code, all the details of a Prescription are copied to the next encounter.  
Note:
  • If the previous encounter is a zero duration encounter (including RR – Refill Request and SR- Surescript Refill) then the prescription of such an encounter is ignored and the prescription from the encounter prior to the zero duration encounter is copied over to the prescription of the current encounter.
  • The prescription from the previous non-zero encounter is NOT copied on start of a consecutive new encounter, rather only if the Prescription screen is accessed for prescription in the current encounter. It includes prescription screen being accessed from Doctor Forms, Assessment screen, CPOE > Rx, and Encounter TOC > Prescription.
  • Prescription from a deleted encounter is not copied and the Prescription from a reopened encounter is not considered.
  • In case there is no prescription prescribed in the immediate previous encounter then system automatically fetches the prescription from encounter(s) previous to it.
Fields Description :

Analytics : On click invokes Rx Helper interface useful to analyse data with regard to diagnosis and prescription. Analytics icon is displayed only if prognocis.analytics.show property is SET to Y. Users have provision to search, filter, and view drug and Prescription related information on the basis of Age, Gender, and Diagnosis. The results are listed in form of bar chart, pie chart, and listings.
Preview: Click Preview to preview the prescription details before it is printed and sent or even faxed.

Print : Click Print to print Prescription, the standard Print dialog box is displayed awaiting further action.

Fax : Click Fax to print fax of the current Prescription. It is required to select the drugs and save the information first.

eRx : Click to electronically send the Prescription and to view eRx Summary.

Help : Click to view the screen help.

In House : Select the check box to select an InHouse drug. The drug List box will then display only the list of InHouse generic drugs.

Sample : If this is checked, then the drug is assumed to be dispensed InHouse, although it might not be part of the defined InHouse drug list.

Pharmacy : This is by default the pharmacy entered in the last prescription of the Patient. This field is not mandatory and can be set to blank, because a patient may prefer to go to any pharmacy while on travel. Start typing the pharmacy name and a list of matching names present in the master are displayed, so that one of them can be selected. If the selected pharmacy supports electronic prescription receipt, a prefix of eRx in red is displayed and if the selected pharmacy supports electronic prescription of Controlled Substances then a prefix of EPCS in red is displayed.

User can use the search button to select a pharmacy from the master list of pharmacies provided by Surescript. All the pharmacies listed here are not available under Auto complete edit control described above. Cross street pharmacy information has been provided in the Address field. Search on basis of Geographic locations (City, State, and Zip) displays pharmacies Mail Order pharmacies along with others. The Service column on Pharmacy Search displays New Rx as New and EPCS as Controlled Substance

If pharmacy is changed for a drug row, then remember to click on update button, otherwise it will not be saved. On click on the button: update a pop-up: Update Pharmacy is invoked that helps you to apply the following options as per requirement:
  • Apply to drugs with NO pharmacy mentioned
  • Apply to ALL drugs
  • Apply to this row only
Considering the above options, it is understood that each drug of a prescription can have different Pharmacy or NO pharmacy assigned. On print of such a prescription, those many prescriptions are printed as many pharmacies have been chosen and for a drug with no pharmacy mentioned, a separate prescription is printed.

Note: The label of the prescription screen changes from 'Prescription' to 'Multi-Pharmacy' in case the prescription has been saved with multiple pharmacies.

Pref Pharm button : The user can select Patient Preferred Pharmacy from the Patient Registration screen. On the Patient Registration screen, there is a icon‘ Pharmacy' on the top right and side of the screen. When the user clicks on this icon, a popup to select ‘ Patient Pharmacy' invokes; wherein the user can select a maximum of 10 pharmacies. The popup displays the Name, Address, and telephone number of the Pharmacy. The selected pharmacy list is available on the Prescription screen too. On the Prescription screen the ‘ Pref Pharm' button is displayed near the Pharmacy field.

 Patient Preferred Pharmacy icon : Click to view Patient preferred pharmacy search list. The list is added from menu: Patient Register click pharmacy icon to add Pharmacy vendor(s) to the new or existing list of Patient Preferred Pharmacies

 Clinic Preferred Pharmacy icon : Click to view the Clinic preferred pharmacy search list. The list is added from menu: Settings Configuration Pharmacy under the Vendor column

Note:

  • From the Pharmacy search, if a non-preferred Pharmacy is selected and associated to a Prescription then on print or eRx of the Prescription the associated Pharmacy vendor is added to Clinic's preferred list.
  • The Pharmacy name selected on Prescription > Pref Pharm popup is displayed in the Pharmacy field.
Drug : Is the generic drug to be selected. Start typing the name, and the list box will get filtered accordingly. The List of drug will depend on the InHouse checked and the property for inactive Drug (rx.show.inactive.drugs). Compound drugs are considered.

Strength : On tab out from previous field, the dispensable drugs for selected generic drug are populated in the list box. The List of drug will depend on the InHouse checked and the property for inactive Drug. The strength list box may display a suffix of * to an entry, to indicate it is inactive. When the user selects a drug and strength the system tracks the last prescription of this drug made by this doctor earlier to any other patient. Based on that it selects the default value for Strength, Dosage, Frequency, Days, Bulk Quantity, Refills.

Pediatric Dosage Button : button is displayed is the Patient is less than 18 years of age. This displays the computed pediatric dosage for a day. The calculation is based on the patient Age and Weight. The system finds the weight entered in vitals in the current encounter. If this is not entered, the system finds the Normal Average Weight for the specified patient age and sex. The Min-Max dosage per day is computed and displayed. The provider can use his discretion to decide the dosage and frequency accordingly. Note that this is just a message displayed, which can be invoked by user if and when required. It in no way inhibits / warns a user from prescribing any drug.

DEA Class : If a drug falls under DEA class then, its class is printed in red color.

Dosage : Specifies the dosage of the drug to be taken at a time. This field can take any number or fraction or text like 'Half'.e.g. 2 OR 0.5 OR OR 'Half'.

Dosage Unit : A list of standard Units supported by Sure script are available as a list Box. User can select one of them. Users can define more units if required. However note that only sure script units can be selected for Bulk Quantity. And that if a non sure script dosage unit is selected, the same is not set to Bulk Unit and the Bulk Qty is not computed.

Frequency : It is displayed as a list of codes Or names based on property rx.freq.byname On tab out from previous field (dispensable drugs), the freq list box is set. If the selected drug was never used, the default frequency selected will be the one which signifies daily. Selected frequency will be used to calculate the bulk quantity. It is also likely that in case of Ointments, there is no frequency specified. For such a case, user can select *NA* (for Not Applicable), and bulk will not be computed.

PRN : It is to indicate that the patient can take this drug on requirement basis. The label can be changed in the property rx.prn.label. The check box is unchecked by default.

Days : It is the number of days for which the drug is prescribed. This needs to be specified as a whole number.

Dispense Qty : This is also referred as Bulk Qty, calculated for tablets and capsules only. For calculating, first it tries to take the initial numeric part of dosage entered. If dosage was entered as a valid number like 3 OR 0.5R the calculation will be correct. In case of ½ it will compute based on 1, in case of "Half", it will be computed as Zero. The user can edit the bulk quantity if required. Qty is always set to 1 for Other Types (Liquids / Ointment).Dispense Unit : By default same as dosage unit. If this is selected to be different then the Qty is not computed by the system. Note unlike the dosage unit, the user defined units are not considered, Only the Units defined by sure script are considered.

Refills : It is the number of refills that the patient can take from the Pharmacy.

Reason : A space to enter the justification upto 50 characters is provided.

Comments : Instructions for taking the drugs can be entered here like 'Not on empty stomach'. User can click on the View Button, to see the comments in a bigger pop up and edit them as necessary. Edit length is 255 characters.

Substitute : If checked, tells the pharmacy to dispense a substitute drug, if the prescribed drug is not available.

Long Term : May be a provider has prescribed a drug for hyper tension for a month. But the fact is that the patient would need to continue taking it for a long time. The provider can mark this as a Long Term. This way, the drug continues to be seen as part of current medication even after one month.

Fill Date : The pharmacy is supposed to dispense the drug on or after this Date. On save, this date is set to encounter start date by default, unless explicitly entered by the user. If the drug's UptoDate is greater than or equal to Encounter Date then after refill the RxDate will be the UptoDate for the refilled drug else the RxDate will be the Encounter Date.

Note:

  • The related Upto date is calculated for refilled drug only when the No. of Days is present.
  • For times when Providers require to prescribe prescription that is meant to be started on a future date, the system explicitly sends this as additional information under comments to Surescript while ePrescribing..User is first alerted with a prompt that the Prescription Start Date is currently a future date and if he/she would like to send this information as part of comments while ePrescribing.If User confirms to send information then on 'Rx(s) for transmission' pop-up the Start date is visible under the Comments column. And on 'Send' the selected drug is ePrescribed and sent across to the relevant pharmacy.
Diagnocis : Click on the button, to select an Assessment ICD (ICD9 and ICD10) code. This can later facilitate analysis report on the drugs prescribed for various diagnocis.

No of Units : These are the Billable Units. This is relevant for InHouse drugs, where the associated CPT/HCPC Codes are transferred to Assessment with these Units.

Valid Upto Date : The pharmacy is supposed to dispense drug only upto this date. This is not the date up to which the medication is to be taken by the patient.

Formulary Status / Copay / Coverage : On start of the encounter the system gets the Eligibility Information from Surescript about this patient. (Note: It is not necessary to have entered any patient insurance). There can be multiple Pharmacy Benefit Eligibilities received from surescript. Considering the first eligibility from the list, the program displays the Formulary Status / Copay / Coverage details for the selected drug. Alternately if the user has selected an alternate eligibility by clicking on the eligibility button, that would be considered for working out the same for the selected drug. Direction : Direction is a combination of dosage, dosage unit, Freq code or Name and number of days. User can edit this up to 255 characters. User can click on the view Button to invoke a bigger popup for easy editing.

The default format is Dosage+Dosage Unit+Frequency+Days

Frequency can have a value of C (for Code) or N (for name), accordingly it will be displayed as TID or Thrice a day.
Days can be:
  • Blank to display Blank (i.e. for X Days not included in direction)
  • FD for X Days
  • DD dispense X Days
Eligibility Button: As explained under Formulary Status / Copay / Coverage, user can select one of the possible multiple eligibilities returned by surescript for the patient.

Deny Checkbox : User can select this option to informs Pharmacy that the drug has been denied and need not be given to the patient, if it does then on Pharmacy's responsibility.

Note:

  • If option is selected for a particular drug then on Update, a prefix, ‘Denied' appears in Pharmacy Notes entered.
  • A denied drug can be printed, faxed, but not sent via eRx. And print denied drug(s) names with a prefix, ‘Denied'.
  • Denied drugs are not displayed on Current Medication list, but are part of patient's Past Rx.
Drug Info Button : Having entered both the drug and its strength click on this Button to see all the detail Information available in FDB including How to use, Side effects, Drug interactions, Min/Max Daily Adult Dose. A print button is also displayed at the bottom. A click on print button generates the preview of the Drug Information in PDF for a print.

Update Button : Click the button or press enter key while entering any other field to Update the entry. A current row is shown in different background color on the Rx Tab. All details entered in this top part of the screen pertain to the current row. Update button will transfer field values from this part of the screen to the current row, and make the next row as current.

Prescribed Drugs Table

The Bottom half of the screen displays all the drugs prescribed in the encounter. Click on any row to make it current (light blue background). All the fields are transferred to the top part of the screen, so that they can be edited. The display of last prescribed drug details depends on the property, rx.default.dispensable.fields.blank, if SET to 'Y' then User would require to manually enter certain drug details each time.

Note: The property, rx.default.dispensable.fields.blank overrides the currently existing property in the System, rx.std.patient.chartno.

Drug Selection

Select Drug using the Button :

  • This button displays list of dispensable drugs (drug names along with its strength).
  • There are three tabs on the search to give list of
    1. Doc Pref Drugs
    2. All Drug
    3. Order Set (This tab displays the list of all existing Order Sets. User may decide to overwrite an existing Order Set or create a new one. User may select any one of the Order Set. The provider can make Order Sets of often prescribed drugs for various common ailments.)
  • Custom Drugs are also included
  • This search does not display Only InHouse Drugs

Important: This will need to be used conditionally using a property. Further Note that the applicability of InHouse support read from property is based on Logged in Location for MultiLocation version.

On Selection, the search returns the Generic Drug Ids. If selected Drug is available as In House, it sets the In House check Box.

Select Drug using the Button :
  • Invokes Drug Search also displaying the Therapeutic Drug Class
  • The Dispensable Drug is found considering selected Drug as Doc Pref
  • If it is not found as Doc Pref, it will consider All Drugs option listed above
Select Drug using the Template :
  • Dispensable Drug details as saved in the Order Set.
Select Drug using the Current Med Button :
  • The search displays the list of Drugs as on Current Medication screen
  • User is free to mark any Drug under Current List Box option as Refill
  • User can also select the Old Med List Box option and mark any drug as Add to Rx. In either case a Drug entry is added to prescription

The fields in the table are:

Delete Check Box :
  • A drug added in prescription can be deleted by checking this check Box
Select Check Box :
  • Mark the drugs in the prescription which need to be sent to Printer / fax / eRx
  • By default a newly added drug will be selected. Note that, it multiple selected drugs are sent out, they will be sent to the Pharmacy
Drug name :
  • Displays the Drug name and Strength
  • The Drug names in this table are displayed in Bold, it they are for InHouse. A prefix of a Check Mark is displayed if it is already Sent
  • A prefix of Red is displayed if eRx is applicable
  • Prescribing a CS drug has specific differences in the way it is ePrescribed - there is a step involved where the Prescriber needs to sign the Prescription and the Prescribing provider has to keep his eToken connected to the USB drive of the his/her PC (Personal Computer).
  • DEA Class II drugs can be dispensed only once from the Prescription screen.
Direction : Direction default / edited for the Drug.

Comments : Drug Comments entered if any.

Disp : Dispensable Qty

Refills : Refill count

The bottom row of the screen display :

Allergy : Allergies to Generic Drug, Allergens, Cross Sensitivity are the ones which are displayed in Red at the botton left of the screen.

Past Rx : A button to invoke Current Medication as seen on Facesheet with all its functionality, in a pop up, listing out the 'Old Med' drugs; 'Stopped' Drugs; and 'Over' drugs.

PMH : Display details based on a template defined.

Med Hist : The medical history details are displayed.

Action Buttons

Save : If a clinical staff saves the prescription the status changes to Entered. If a provider or a person with approve rights saves it, the status is set to Approved.
  • On save the system checks for
    1. Duplicate drug prescribed
    2. Patient Allergy to Generic Drug
    3. Patient Allergy to Dispensable Drug
    4. Allergens
    5. Cross Sensitivity
    6. Drug-Drug Interaction
  • Allergens and Cross Sensitivity defined in the Face Sheet allergy is considered. Drug-Drug interaction considers the prescribed drugs and Current Medication drugs for interaction. These checks are done using the algorithms of FDB.
  • Duplicate drugs are not allowed. In case of all other allergies only a warning is displayed and does not stop the provider from prescribing the drug.
  • The system also checks for precautions and gives appropriate warning.
  • Added a new feature on the Prescription screen; wherein if there are any unapproved drugs in the list, then the user (provider) with approve rights can approve all of them by clicking on ‘Save'. The ‘Save' button is enabled only when the Prescription screen has any non- approved drugs in the list. The user (clinical staff) without approve rights can only enter drugs on this screen. But these entered drugs are approved by the provider.

Note: For approved drugs , their status is displayed as ‘ Approved' ; whereas for unapproved drugs the status is ‘ Entered'.

When Prescriber saves a prescription that has controlled substances, a Summary screen popup is displayed that shows all the CS drugs that are not yet signed. Provider needs to review and mark the individual drugs are ready to sign, and then click on sign.

Note: Following are the types that are displayed:

  1. Not Signed : A Controlled Substance prescription which is not digitally signed by provider.
  2. Signed : A Controlled substance Prescription which a digitally signed by Provider.
  3. eRx : A non-controlled substance prescription which can be send electronically.
  4. Blank : The drug is not allowed to send electronically. It could be because the Provider is not registered for ERX, Pharmacy does not support ERX, or the drug is controlled substance and provider is not ready for EPCS.
Send : It allows the user to send the prescription order to a pharmacy by Fax, Print or E-mail. User without approve rights cannot edit the prescription once it has been sent. However only a provider can add drugs to the prescription and send it again.

Note: For CS drugs: A prescription once signed refreshes to display the Send button. The eRx Summary screen now displays the Signed CS drugs alongside the Non-CS eRx drugs. On click of send button, all signed Controlled substances plus any non-controlled substance prescriptions are sent to Surescripts.

Preview : It is possible for In House or Pharmacy Dugs. A List Box of all applicable Templates is available. In case of In House, all Templates with name starting from In House are considered. For Other Pharmacy all templates (including In House) are considered. User can select a template and then Print/Fax the prescription.

Print Button : Prints both the In House Prescription As well as Other Pharmacy prescription. Both appear in different formats/templates. (For In House dispensing, Pharmacy Name and Address must not be printed). In House Prescription uses alphabetically the first prescription template with the name starting with In House Non In House prescription uses alphabetically the first prescription template without any constraints on its name.

Depending on the property, allow.directprint.druginfo being turned ON or OFF, a click on print button directly sends the PDF of the respective Drug Info to the default printer for a print or the popup for a printer selection is displayed

Fax Button : The prescription can be faxed to the Pharmacy by clicking button. In House drugs are not considered.

eRx Button : Drug applicable for eRx are sent electronically using this button. Note that drugs eligible for eRx cannot be printed / faxed (until they have been sent electronically)

Dispense Button : This button is enabled only if in-house drug is prescribed to patient. Popup is displayed on click of Dispense button. Basic drug dispensing information like the date of manufacture (Mfg), Site, Lot No, date of expiry (Expires On) can be recorded before any in-house drugs are dispensed. This information come handy whenever there is a requirement to trace back any drug that was dispensed.

Access Control

User can come to this option by many routes:

a) Encounter > Prescription

This is the most common and natural route. If the encounter is closed, Prescription cannot be edited, it can only be viewed. If the encounter is live Prescription can be edited.

b) CPOE > Rx

If there is no Current Patient Encounter, this option is disabled. If it is present, it is as good as taking the Encounter > Prescription route.

c) CPOE > Refill

• The Provider/Clinical Staff would get a call from a patient requesting for a Refill. The objective is to be able to complete the process at the earliest. A click on this option displays a Patient selection search pop up. Only patients who do not have an open encounter and who have at least one closed encounter are displayed. Select a patient. The system creates a new encounter for the patient, with the encounter type as RR (Refill request), and the prescription screen is displayed. By default the Rx tab will display all the drugs prescribed in the previous encounter. The provider may flag as delete drugs which he doesn't intend to order. He also retains the flexibility to add supporting drugs by clicking on the button or adding new rows or selecting any drug from the past Rx tab. Please note the subtle difference, the Rx tab was populated with only the drugs in the previous encounter while the past Rx tab displays the list of all drugs prescribed to the patient in all encounters in the past six months. This period of six months is also set as a default property, which can be changed. Finally Save the prescription. Then click on Send, to send the prescription to the Pharmacy. The system automatically closes the encounter also. However if the user goes to some other option in Prognocis without Approve and Send, then the encounter remains open (it appears on the Provider’s Home page), and user will have to deal with it like any other open encounter.

Note: A copy of Refill Request is also sent to Provider's assistant along with the recipient Provider, if the property, rx.refill.msg.send2assistant is set as ‘Y'. The property overrides the existing property, mail.cc.A open encounter. The Denied Refill Request (from Portal as well as System) is tracked and displayed individually on Patient's Document List (Encounter TOC Document List ) where each denied Refill Request can be previewed individually but cannot be edited.

• For CS drugs - For DEA Class II drugs the User is allowed to dispense only once. The value of Total No. of dispensing approved field on Refill Request has to be ‘1'.

d) Message to Approve

In case a clinical staff has created a prescription, the provider gets an Alert to Approve it. Click on the messages to come to this screen.

e) Message from Patient Portal

• Once Patient Portal is operational, the provider will receive a Refill request message from the Patient. When provider clicks on the message, the system prompts an error if there is any open encounter for a patient. If there is no open encounter, he will come to this prescription screen, a new encounter will be created, Rx Tab will be shown populated with Drugs requested by the Patient. Doctor can now Add / Remove / edit if required, He then Saves and Sends to Pharmacy. The encounter is automatically closed, and a message is sent to patient.

• In the property tag: rx.drugs.all.fields Use one or more of the following characters for printing Drug details in Prescription:

A Srno (Not in Use)
B Drug Name Generic
C Drug Strength
D Dosage
E Freq Code
F Freq Name
G PRN
H Duration in Days
I Bulk Qty
J Site specified for InHouse Drug under Dispense
K Long Term
L Substitute
M Drug Expiry Date for InHouse under Dispense
N Refills
O Billing Unit
P Sample
Q DEA Class
R Comments
S Default Sig
T Manufacturer for InHouse Drug under Dispense
U Lot No for InHouse Drug under Dispense
V In House or Sample
W eRx eligible
X Reason for prescribing Drug
Y Bulk Dispense Unit
Z Edited Sig
0 ICD Code
1 Remarks for Generic Drugs, Sig for Dispensable Drugs
2 Remarks for Generic Drugs, Sig for Dispensable Drugs
3 Drug Name Route and Strength
4 NDC Code for InHouse Drug
5 RX Norm Code
6 NDC Code for dispensable drug
7 Start Date
8 Status Stopped / Active
9 Pharmacy Name
10 Source
11 Justification
12 Upto Date

  See Also:
  Past Medical History | Allergies | Current Medication | Drugs| Supervising Provider | Pharmacy Vendor Master | Preferred Pharmacy